Bitcoin consensus limits the number of signature operations (sigops) a block may contain to 80'000. This is the “legacy” sigop count: OP_CHECKSIG/OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY count as one sigop and OP_CHECKMULTISIG/OP_CHECKMULTISIGVERIFY count as up to twenty. Sigops outside of a witness (SegWit v0) context, i.e. legacy scriptSigs, non-P2SH-wrapped scriptPubkeys, and P2SH redeem scripts, are weighted 4x so that they’re comparable to the block weight. Sigops inside a witness (P2WPKH/P2WSH, optionally P2SH-wrapped) are counted at their unweighted 1x value. Pay-to-Taproot inputs and outputs don’t count towards this limit at all.

In the past, there have been blocks that came close to the sigops limit. As this chart shows the daily average, these don’t appear here. A case where a pool mined two invalid blocks with too many sigops is described in Invalid F2Pool blocks 783426 and 784121.

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